Children who are persistently uncomfortable with their gender who display strong and consistent cross-gender behaviors may be experiencing a gender identity disorder (GID).
According to the study, "Children and Adolescents With Gender Identity Disorder Referred to a Pediatric Medical Center" in the March 2012 Pediatrics (published online Feb. 20), gender-dysphoric children who do not receive medical treatment or counseling for GID can be at high-risk for certain behavioral and emotional problems, including psychiatric diagnoses.
Of 97 patients younger than 21 years who met the criteria for GID, 44 percent had a prior history of psychiatric symptoms, 37 percent were taking psychotropic medications, and 21.6 percent had a history of self-mutilation and suicide attempts. Study authors advocate for early evaluation of children exhibiting GID, but treatment with medications should not be started until they reach puberty.
Pediatricians and parents should consult with experienced mental health professionals for children and adolescents experiencing gender-related issues. When patients are sufficiently physically mature to receive medical treatment, they should be referred to a medical specialist or program treating GID.
