Unlike eczema or other allergic skin conditions, impetigo is a contagious skin infection caused by bacteria (streptococcus and/or staphylococcus). These bacteria enter the skin through a scratch, a small cut, or an insect bite. They cause local irritation and red bumps that develop into small, pus-filled blisters. With time, these blisters tend to rupture, turning into soft yellowish-brown scabs or crusts.
For children in the middle years, impetigo is usually not a serious condition, even though it may be unsightly and uncomfortable. On rare occasions, however, it can lead to complications, including a serious kidney disorder called glomerulonephritis. When treated appropriately, the infection usually heals in about a week.
To get rid of the bacteria that live beneath the scabs, your pediatrician may suggest that you remove these crusts after first softening them. Soak the sores in warm water—or use a clean, wet, warm washcloth—for ten to fifteen minutes, four times a day, followed by washing with a mild soap. Don't scrub, since rubbing away the scabs can be painful. Once the scabs are gone, antibiotic ointment should be applied to the area several times a day. In particularly troublesome or widespread infections, your doctor may prescribe an oral antibiotic as well.
Because impetigo is contagious, epidemics of this skin disorder sometimes occur in schools and within families. Keep your infected child home until she has been on treatment for a day.
